Polyethylene Plants Operation
Course Code: EM38
►Course Objective
- identify and assess the risks inherent to product handling, equipment use and operations,
- measure the possible consequences on safety, health and the environment,
- apply recommended preventive measures,
- adopt the most appropriate behavior to counter risks.
►Target Audience
- Operating personnel (engineers, shift leaders and/or operators) in refineries and petrochemical/chemical plants; any staff involved in operations (maintenance, SHE department).
►Course Outline
PLANT OPERATIONS & SAFETY
- Hazard and risk identification.
- Safety, health, environmental consequences.
- Risk management: technical, organizational and human aspects.
PRODUCT-RELATED RISKS
- Flammability:
- Explosive atmosphere: combustible products (gaseous, liquid and solid). Oxidizers. Ignition sources; flames, self-ignition temperature, sparks and static electricity, pyrophoric products, etc.
- Preventive measures and precautions: during normal conditions, during draining and sampling; in the event of leaks; with regard to storage tanks; during loading and unloading; during repair work.
- Risks and precautions related to BLEVE.
- Fluid behavior and related risks:
- Pressure in a vessel and consequences of an increase or decrease in temperature: thermal expansion, vaporization, collapsing due to vacuum, freezing due to pressure drop, etc.
- Risk assessment and preventive measures.
- Chemical and physical hazards involving personnel:
- Poisoning: ingestion, metabolism and elimination. Prevention.
- Burns caused by heat sources and chemical products.
SAFETY IN PROCESS OPERATIONS
- Precautions and risks related to the use of utilities: inert gases, liquid water, steam, air, gas oil, fuel gas.
- Safety related to blowdown and drainage toward: flare, slops, tanks, oily water…
- Blinding procedures: conditions for installing blinds or spades.
- Degassing-inerting: steam, nitrogen, water, vacuum, work permits…
- Entry into vessels. Atmosphere analysis: oxygen content, explosivity, toxicity.
- Start-up: checks, accessibility and cleanliness, line up, nitrogen-, water-, steam- or vacuum deaeration.
- Tightness testing; commissioning and start-up.
HUMAN BEHAVIOR & SAFETY MANAGEMENT
- Human factors. Safety barriers, compliance with procedure, risk of routine.
- Employees' involvement: commitment and responsibility.
- Available tools to improve safety: procedures, risk assessment, safety meetings, accident investigation and reporting, audits, field observations, emergency drills.
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